Task 542: .PHP File Format

First, .PHP files are not a binary or structured file format with a fixed specification like image or archive formats (e.g., no headers, chunks, or byte-level encoding). They are plain text files containing PHP source code, which can intermingle with HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and other text-based content. The code is interpreted and executed by a PHP engine on a server. There are no formal "file format specifications" beyond the PHP language syntax rules (documented at php.net) and general text file conventions (e.g., UTF-8 encoding, Unix LF line endings recommended). Coding style guidelines (e.g., PSR-2) exist for formatting PHP code, but they are not part of a file format spec.

1. List of all the properties of this file format intrinsic to its file system (these are standard filesystem metadata properties, as .PHP has no format-specific intrinsic properties beyond being a text file; based on common Unix-like filesystems via stat(2)):

• File name (string, including the .php extension)
• File size (integer, in bytes)
• Modification time (timestamp, when the file content was last changed)
• Access time (timestamp, when the file was last accessed)
• Change time (timestamp, when the file metadata was last changed; often same as creation time on some systems)
• Permissions/mode (octal value or string representation, e.g., rw-r--r-- for owner/group/others read/write/execute bits)
• Owner user ID (integer UID)
• Owner group ID (integer GID)
• Inode number (integer, unique identifier in the filesystem)
• Device ID (integer, identifier of the device containing the file)
• Number of hard links (integer, count of links to the inode)

1. Two direct download links for .PHP files (these are raw GitHub Gist links that serve the plain text .PHP file content directly without execution):

• https://gist.githubusercontent.com/Martin1982/2024079/raw/helloworld.php
• https://gist.githubusercontent.com/SalmanRavoof/f45777c6363c17436225f8a256cf2664/raw/php-test.php

1. Ghost blog embedded HTML JavaScript (assuming "ghost blog" refers to embedding in a Ghost CMS post via custom HTML; this is a self-contained <script> block with drag-and-drop support using the File API. Note: Browser security limits access to full filesystem properties—only basic File object props are available, not full stat like permissions/UID/GID/inode. It reads the dropped .PHP file as text but dumps only available properties to the screen via console and a  element):

Python class (uses os.stat to get filesystem properties; "decode" is irrelevant as it's text—no binary decoding needed; reads the file content but only prints properties; write method creates/modifies a .php file with sample content):

import os
import stat
import time

class PhpFileHandler:
    def __init__(self, filename):
        self.filename = filename
        if not filename.endswith('.php'):
            raise ValueError("File must have .php extension")

    def read_properties(self):
        st = os.stat(self.filename)
        properties = {
            'File name': self.filename,
            'File size (bytes)': st.st_size,
            'Modification time': time.ctime(st.st_mtime),
            'Access time': time.ctime(st.st_atime),
            'Change time': time.ctime(st.st_ctime),
            'Permissions/mode': stat.filemode(st.st_mode),
            'Owner user ID': st.st_uid,
            'Owner group ID': st.st_gid,
            'Inode number': st.st_ino,
            'Device ID': st.st_dev,
            'Number of hard links': st.st_nlink
        }
        return properties

    def print_properties(self):
        props = self.read_properties()
        for key, value in props.items():
            print(f"{key}: {value}")

    def read_content(self):
        with open(self.filename, 'r') as f:
            return f.read()

    def write_content(self, content='<?php echo "Hello World"; ?>'):
        with open(self.filename, 'w') as f:
            f.write(content)
        print(f"Written to {self.filename}")

# Example usage:
# handler = PhpFileHandler('example.php')
# handler.print_properties()
# handler.write_content()

Java class (uses java.nio.file for filesystem properties; reads as text; write creates/modifies the file):

import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
import java.nio.file.attribute.BasicFileAttributes;
import java.nio.file.attribute.PosixFileAttributes;
import java.nio.file.attribute.PosixFilePermissions;

public class PhpFileHandler {
    private final String filename;

    public PhpFileHandler(String filename) {
        if (!filename.endsWith(".php")) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("File must have .php extension");
        }
        this.filename = filename;
    }

    public void printProperties() throws IOException {
        Path path = Paths.get(filename);
        BasicFileAttributes basicAttrs = Files.readAttributes(path, BasicFileAttributes.class);
        PosixFileAttributes posixAttrs = Files.readAttributes(path, PosixFileAttributes.class);  // Assumes Unix-like

        System.out.println("File name: " + filename);
        System.out.println("File size (bytes): " + basicAttrs.size());
        System.out.println("Modification time: " + basicAttrs.lastModifiedTime());
        System.out.println("Access time: " + basicAttrs.lastAccessTime());
        System.out.println("Change time: " + basicAttrs.creationTime());  // Approximation for ctime
        System.out.println("Permissions/mode: " + PosixFilePermissions.toString(posixAttrs.permissions()));
        System.out.println("Owner user ID: " + posixAttrs.owner().getName());  // Name instead of UID
        System.out.println("Owner group ID: " + posixAttrs.group().getName());  // Name instead of GID
        System.out.println("Inode number: " + basicAttrs.fileKey());  // Approximation
        System.out.println("Device ID: N/A");  // Not directly available
        System.out.println("Number of hard links: " + posixAttrs.isSymbolicLink() ? 1 : "N/A");  // Limited support
    }

    public String readContent() throws IOException {
        return Files.readString(Paths.get(filename));
    }

    public void writeContent(String content) throws IOException {
        try (BufferedWriter writer = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(filename))) {
            writer.write(content == null ? "<?php echo \"Hello World\"; ?>" : content);
        }
        System.out.println("Written to " + filename);
    }

    // Example usage:
    // public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
    //     PhpFileHandler handler = new PhpFileHandler("example.php");
    //     handler.printProperties();
    //     handler.writeContent(null);
    // }
}

JavaScript class (Node.js context, uses fs module for stat; reads as text; write creates/modifies):

const fs = require('fs');
const path = require('path');

class PhpFileHandler {
  constructor(filename) {
    if (!filename.endsWith('.php')) {
      throw new Error('File must have .php extension');
    }
    this.filename = filename;
  }

  readProperties() {
    const stats = fs.statSync(this.filename);
    return {
      'File name': this.filename,
      'File size (bytes)': stats.size,
      'Modification time': stats.mtime.toISOString(),
      'Access time': stats.atime.toISOString(),
      'Change time': stats.ctime.toISOString(),
      'Permissions/mode': (stats.mode & parseInt('777', 8)).toString(8),  // Octal permissions
      'Owner user ID': stats.uid,
      'Owner group ID': stats.gid,
      'Inode number': stats.ino,
      'Device ID': stats.dev,
      'Number of hard links': stats.nlink
    };
  }

  printProperties() {
    const props = this.readProperties();
    for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(props)) {
      console.log(`${key}: ${value}`);
    }
  }

  readContent() {
    return fs.readFileSync(this.filename, 'utf8');
  }

  writeContent(content = '<?php echo "Hello World"; ?>') {
    fs.writeFileSync(this.filename, content);
    console.log(`Written to ${this.filename}`);
  }
}

// Example usage:
// const handler = new PhpFileHandler('example.php');
// handler.printProperties();
// handler.writeContent();

C "class" (C uses structs/functions, not classes; uses stat(2) for properties; reads as text; write creates/modifies; compile with gcc and run):

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <pwd.h>
#include <grp.h>

typedef struct {
    char *filename;
} PhpFileHandler;

void init_php_file_handler(PhpFileHandler *handler, const char *filename) {
    if (strstr(filename, ".php") != filename + strlen(filename) - 4) {
        fprintf(stderr, "File must have .php extension\n");
        exit(1);
    }
    handler->filename = strdup(filename);
}

void print_properties(const PhpFileHandler *handler) {
    struct stat st;
    if (stat(handler->filename, &st) != 0) {
        perror("stat");
        return;
    }
    struct passwd *pwd = getpwuid(st.st_uid);
    struct group *grp = getgrgid(st.st_gid);

    printf("File name: %s\n", handler->filename);
    printf("File size (bytes): %ld\n", (long)st.st_size);
    printf("Modification time: %s", ctime(&st.st_mtime));
    printf("Access time: %s", ctime(&st.st_atime));
    printf("Change time: %s", ctime(&st.st_ctime));
    printf("Permissions/mode: %o\n", st.st_mode & 0777);  // Octal
    printf("Owner user ID: %d (%s)\n", st.st_uid, pwd ? pwd->pw_name : "unknown");
    printf("Owner group ID: %d (%s)\n", st.st_gid, grp ? grp->gr_name : "unknown");
    printf("Inode number: %ld\n", (long)st.st_ino);
    printf("Device ID: %ld\n", (long)st.st_dev);
    printf("Number of hard links: %ld\n", (long)st.st_nlink);
}

char *read_content(const PhpFileHandler *handler) {
    FILE *fp = fopen(handler->filename, "r");
    if (!fp) {
        perror("fopen");
        return NULL;
    }
    fseek(fp, 0, SEEK_END);
    long size = ftell(fp);
    fseek(fp, 0, SEEK_SET);
    char *content = malloc(size + 1);
    fread(content, 1, size, fp);
    content[size] = '\0';
    fclose(fp);
    return content;
}

void write_content(const PhpFileHandler *handler, const char *content) {
    FILE *fp = fopen(handler->filename, "w");
    if (!fp) {
        perror("fopen");
        return;
    }
    fprintf(fp, "%s", content ? content : "<?php echo \"Hello World\"; ?>");
    fclose(fp);
    printf("Written to %s\n", handler->filename);
}

void free_php_file_handler(PhpFileHandler *handler) {
    free(handler->filename);
}

// Example usage:
// int main() {
//     PhpFileHandler handler;
//     init_php_file_handler(&handler, "example.php");
//     print_properties(&handler);
//     write_content(&handler, NULL);
//     free_php_file_handler(&handler);
//     return 0;
// }